# Section 4 - Normal Procedures ## AIRSPEEDS FOR NORMAL OPERATIONS | | FLAPS | SPEED AT MTOW | | ------------------------------ | ----- | ------------- | | Rotation Speed (VR) | T/O | 75 KIAS | | Best Angle-of-Climb Speed (VX) | UP | 81 KIAS | | Best Angle-of-Climb Speed (VX) | T/O | 80 KIAS | | Best Rate-of-Climb Speed (VY) | UP | 96 KIAS | | Best Rate-of-Climb Speed (VY) | T/O | 91 KIAS | | Flaps (VFE) | LAND | 119 KIAS | | Flaps (VFE) | T/O | 124 KIAS | | Approach Speed (VREF) (@MLW) | UP | 100 KIAS | | Approach Speed (VREF) (@MLW) | T/O | 92 KIAS | | Approach Speed (VREF) (@MLW) | LAND | 88 KIAS | | Manoeuvring Speed (VA) | UP | 141 KIAS | | Never Exceed Speed (VNE) | UP | 223 KIAS | #### Single Engine Training Safe, intentional, One Engine Inoperative Minimum Speed (VSSE): 80 KIAS ## GROUND POWER OPERATION {% hint style="info" %} With the aircraft connected to the external power, only the utilities on the main and essential bus are powered. {% endhint %} To power on the LH and RH bus: 1. LH and RH CROSS switches ........................................................ ON To recharge the batteries: 1. MASTER switch ……………......................................................... ON 2. LH/RH BCK BATT switches……......................................................... ON ## CHECKLISTS ### Before Starting Engines


1.	Crews headphones	ANC on/off as required
2.	Flight controls	free and correct
3.	Parking brake	as required
4.	Throttle levers	IDLE
5.	Propeller levers	full forward
6.	Circuit breakers	verify
7.	External lights	as required
8.	MASTER switch	ON
9.	LH and RH BCK BATT switches	ON
10.	LH and RH CROSS switches	ON
11.	TIE BUS switch	ON

Wait PFD 1 and PFD 2 turn on and then verify the following warnings are ON: * LH-RH ALT FAIL * LH OIL PRS LO * RH OIL PRS LO * LH FUEL PRS LO * RH FUEL PRS LO Wait MFD turns on and then verify the following indications: * Software version * INSTRUMENTS (CHECK) * Voltage on MAIN and ESSENTIAL BUS * Voltage on LH and RH Battery


12.	Stand-by instrument	check no red crosses displayed
13.	Fuel quantity	checked
14.	Flap control	cycle fully extended and then set to T/O
15.	Pitch trim	verify movement, then set to NEUTRAL
16.	Rudder trim	verify movement, then set to NEUTRAL
17.	Aileron trim	verify movement, then set to NEUTRAL
18.	Doors	closed and locked

### ### Engine Starting #### First Engine


1.	Fuel selectors	CHECK and SELECT the suitable one
2.	Fuel pump	ON, verify green arc then OFF
3.	Ignition switch	ON, verify fuel pressure in green arc
4.	Starter button	PRESS
5.	FIELD switch	ON, verify AMPS
6.	Propeller RPM	after engine stabilized, set to 1000-1200 RPM
7.	Check "OIL PRS LOW"	extinguished
8.	Voltmeter	increase and check within green arc
9.	ALT FAIL warning	extinguished
10.	Engine instruments	chek within limits

#### Second Engine Repeat as for first engine. ### Before Taxiing


1.	Cross-feed	check both sides
2.	Engine alternate air	check for operation
3.	Altimeters	SET
4.	XPDR	stand-by
5.	Parking brake	released

### Taxing


1.	Brakes	check
2.	LH and RH fuel selectors	as required
3.	LH and RH fuel pressure	monitor

### Before Take-Off


1.	LH and RH fuel pressure	check
2.	LH and RH alternator lights	chck both off
3.	LH and RH power levers	IDLE
4.	Engines pre-flight check (PFC)	perform pushing PFT buttons

{% hint style="danger" %} The PFT is not to be commanded during flight. If the PFT is commanded during flight, large enough throttle movement or PFT button pushing will interrupt the PFT. {% endhint %}


5.	PFC lights	OFF
6.	LH and RH propeller lever	full back and hold shortly (3 times)
7.	Fuel pumps	ON
8.	Flaps	check T/O
9.	Rudder and aileron trim	check neutral
10.	Pitot heaters and Stall heater	ON
11.	Oil temperatures	min. 140°F for line up

### Take-Off


1.	Brakes	apply
2.	LH and RH propeller levers	verify full forward
3.	LH and RH throttle levers	full power
4.	Engine instruments	check parameters within the limits
5.	Brakes	release
6.	At rotation speed (VR)	rotate
7.	Flaps	at safe altitude UP
8.	LH and RH fuel pumps	AUTO
9.	Fuel pressure	check within limits
10.	External lights	as required

### Before Landing


1.	LH and RH fuel pumps	ON
2.	Flaps	as required
3.	LH and RH propeller levers	full forward
4.	LH and RH throttle levers	IDLE at touchdown

### After Landing


1.	Flaps	UP
2.	Pitot heaters	OFF
3.	Stall heater	OFF
4.	LH and RH fuel pumps	OFF
5.	XPDR	OFF
6.	External lights	as required
7.	Parking brake	as required
8.	Power levers	IDLE

### Engines Shutdown


1.	Flaps	check UP
2.	External lights	as required
3.	LH and RH ignition switches	OFF
4.	LH and RH fuel selectors	OFF
5.	All electric/lights switches	OFF

## ## POWER MANAGEMENT With the EECS monitoring and adjusting the engine operating conditions, power changes can be achieved operating both the power and throttle levers in any desired order. The best valid engine management technique would consist in keeping the **PWR always at max** setting (levers full forward) throughout most of the flight and **setting the desired airspeed with RPM only**. This technique has the advantage to cover a broad airspeed spectrum, also generating at each speed the lowest possible noise from the propellers. Below a certain RPM, a further airspeed decrease could be obtained reducing also the PWR levers. Note however that it is always necessary to keep high RPM at very low airspeed, close to the ground and in all conditions where a quick power response could be critical.