Section 3 - Normal Procedures

Airspeeds

Normal Operations

The following airspeeds are those which are significant for normal operations, with reference to 1180 kg MTOW.

	FLAPS	MTOW 1180 kg
Rotation Speed (in takeoff, VR)	T/O	64 KIAS
Best Angle-of-Climb Speed (VX)	0°	73 KIAS
Best Rate-of-Climb speed (VY)	0°	80 KIAS
Approach speed	T/O	90 KIAS
Final Approach Speed	FULL	70 KIAS
Manoeuvring speed (VA)	0°	118 KIAS
Never Exceed Speed (VNE)	0°	167 KIAS<

Single Engine Training

VSE is a speed selected as training aid for pilots in the handling of multi-engine aircraft. It is the minimum speed for intentionally rendering on engine inoperative in flight. This minimum speed provides the margin the manufacturer recommends for us when intentionally performing engine inoperative manoeuvres during training. The best practice to perform single engine training is to retard one engine to the flight parameters equivalent to a dead engine.

A simulated feather condition is obtained with propeller lever full forward and throttle lever set at 13.5 in Hg MAP at 70-90 KIAS and 2000-4000 ft (density altitude).

Recommended safe simulated OEI speed (VSSE): 70 KIAS

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Pre-Flight Check - Aircraft Walk-Around

Disclaimer

The following content is based on a real checklist of the aircraft type, but is adapted to the flight simulator version and therefore not to be used for real aviation.

To perform the aircraft walk-around, carry out the checklists according to the pattern shown in Figure below.

1	Fuel	Check whether fuel is sufficient for flight or not.
Flaps	Check flap knob position with the actual flap position.
Flight Controls	Check flight controls movement with its corresponding Aileron/Elevator/Rudder.
Gear Indication	Check Gear Indication whether it's all 3 greens or not.
2	LH Tire Inflation/Condition	Check left tire inflation/condition by clicking the tire.
LH Wheel Chock	Remove left wheel chock by clicking the chock.
LH Propeller Rotation	Rotate the propeller until you hear a "burp" sound twice for a proper oil distribution.
3	LH Aileron	Check the Aileron movement by clicking the aileron to ensure the aileron working properly.
LH Tie-Down	Click the Tie-Down to remove it and stow it inside the aircraft.
4	Elevator	Check the Elevator movement by clicking the aileron to ensure the aileron working properly.
Rudder	Check the Rudder movement by clicking the aileron to ensure the aileron working properly.
5	RH Aileron	Check the Aileron movement by clicking the aileron to ensure the aileron working properly.
RH Tie-Down	Click the Tie-Down to remove it and stow it inside the aircraft.
6	Tire Inflation/Condition	Check right tire inflation/condition by clicking the tire.
RH Wheel Chock	Remove right wheel chock by clicking the chock.
RH Propeller Rotation	Rotate the propeller until you hear a "burp" sound twice for a proper oil distribution.
7	Pitot Covers	Click the Pitot Cover both Left and Right side to remove it and stow it inside the aircraft.
8	Front Tire Inflation/Condition	Check front tire inflation/condition by clicking the tire.
9	Front Wheel Chock	Remove front wheel chock by clicking the chock.

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Cockpit Inspections

1	Parking brake	CHECK ENGAGED
2	Weight and balance	CHECK if within the limits
3	PFD and MFD	CHECK clean
4	Doors	CLOSED
5	Landing gear control lever	CHECK DOWN
6	Breakers	All IN
7	MASTER SWITCH	ON
8	Fuel quantity	CHECK
9	RH fuel selector	RIGHT
10	LH fuel selector	LEFT
11	RH Electrical Fuel Pump	ON, check fuel pressure gauge correct operation.
12	RH Electrical Fuel pump	OFF, check pressure decreased at zero
13	LH Electrical Fuel Pump	ON, check fuel pressure gauge correct operation.
14	LH Electrical Fuel pump	OFF, check pressure decreased at zero
15	Strobe light	ON
16	Landing gear lights	TEST
17	ELT	CHECK set to ARM
18	Flight controls	CHECK free
19	Flaps	Operate control to FULL position. Verify extension. Retract flaps.
20	Pitch trim control	Set to neutral position.
21	Rudder trim control	Set to neutral position.
22	Eng. Starting Battery Voltmeter (if installed)	Check 12 to 14 Volt

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Engine Starting

Right engine starting
1	RH Throttle Lever	1/3 open
2	RH Carburetor heat	OFF
3	RH Propeller Lever	FULL FORWARD
4	RH CHOKE	ON if required

Realistic Operation Mode

If Realistic Operation Mode selected, the rotax engine has a special oil distribution system that needs to be operated correctly before starting the engine: You need to rotate the prop manually until a bubbling noise heard from the engine. That means the oil pushed through all pipes. Then repeat this a second time. The number of rotations until the first bubbling noise is heardd epends on the Oil Temperature.

You can bypass this by selecting "Prepare for departure" on the EFB Walkaround page.

5	RH Electrical Fuel Pump	ON, check advisory light ON and positive fuel press build up
6	STROBES	ON
7	RH Ignition switches	BOTH ON
8	RH Start pushbutton	PUSH
9	RH engine oil gauge	CHECK if increasing within 10 sec. (max 7 bar in cold operation)
10	RH Throttle lever	Advance to reach 1200 RPM
11	RH Choke	OFF
12	RH Field	ON
13	RH Avionics	ON
14	RH Cross bus	ON
15	RH Electrical fuel pump	OFF

Left engine starting
1	LH Throttle Lever	1/3 open
2	LH Carburetor heat	OFF
3	LH Propeller Lever	FULL FORWARD
4	LH CHOKE	ON if required

Realistic Operation Mode

If Realistic Operation Mode selected, the rotax engine has a special oil distribution system that needs to be operated correctly before starting the engine: You need to rotate the prop manually until a bubbling noise heard from the engine. That means the oil pushed through all pipes. Then repeat this a second time. The number of rotations until the first bubbling noise is heardd epends on the Oil Temperature.

You can bypass this by selecting "Prepare for departure" on the EFB Walkaround page.

5	LH Electrical Fuel Pump	ON, check advisory light ON and positive fuel press build up
6	LH Ignition switches	BOTH ON
7	LH Start pushbutton	PUSH
8	LH engine oil gauge	CHECK if increasing within 10 sec. (max 7 bar in cold operation)
9	LH Throttle lever	Advance to reach 1200 RPM
10	LH Choke	OFF
11	LH Field	ON
12	LH Avionics	ON
13	LH Cross bus	ON
14	LH Electrical fuel pump	OFF

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Before Taxiing

1	Engine Warmup	Let the engines warm up to a minimum oil temperature of 50°C at 1200 RPM
2	Nav, Taxi and Landing lights	ON

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Taxiing

1	LH/RH Fuel Selector	As required
2	LH and RH fuel pressure	Monitor
3	Parking Brake	Release
4	Flight Instruments	CHECK
5	Engine Instruments	CHECK
6	Altimeter	SET both and crosscheck max difference 150 ft
7	Brakes	TEST

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Prior to Takeoff

1	Parking Brake	ENGAGED
2	RH Fuel Selector	RIGHT
3	LH Fuel Selector	LEFT
4	LH and RH fuel pressure	CHECK
5	LH and RH Engine parameters checks:
Oil temperature:	90o-100o C (or 50o + 130o C, if MOD2006/002 is applied)
CHT / CT:	50° - 135° / 120° C
Oil pressure:	2-5 bar (above 1400 RPM): 0.8 bar (below 1400 RPM)
Fuel pressure:	2.2 – 5.8 psi (0.15 - 0.40 bar) *2.2 – 7.26 psi (0.15 – 0.50 bar)
6	LH and RH Generator lights	CHECK BOTH OFF
7	LH and RH Propeller Lever	FULL FORWARD
8	LH and RH Throttle Lever	1650 RPM
9	RH Ignitions switches	Set L / R / BOTH (RPM drop with single ignition circuit selected must not exceed 130 prop’s RPM; maximum RPM difference by use of either circuits LEFT or RIGHT cannot overcome 50 RPM)
10	RH Propeller Lever	GOVERNOR CHECK a) Reduce prop speed to 1200 RPM; b) move propeller lever back to full forward position; c) repeat a) and b) 3 times; d) verify that the governor closely and firmly controls the RPM; e) verify that 1650 prop RPM are restored with prop lever in full forward position.
NOTE Do not cause the propeller speed drop below 1150 RPM in any case.
11	RH Carburettor heat	ON, verify propeller RPM decreasing about 100 RPM
12	RH Carburettor heat	OFF
13	RH engine instruments	CHECK parameters if within green arcs
14	LH Ignitions switches	Set L / R / BOTH (RPM drop with single ignition circuit selected must not exceed 130 prop’s RPM; maximum RPM difference by use of either circuits LEFT or RIGHT cannot overcome 50 RPM)
15	LH Propeller Lever	GOVERNOR CHECK a) Reduce prop speed to 1200 RPM; b) move propeller lever back to full forward position; c) repeat a) and b) 3 times; d) verify that the governor closely and firmly controls the RPM; e) verify that 1650 prop RPM are restored with prop lever in full forward position.
NOTE Do not cause the propeller speed drop below 1150 RPM in any case.
16	LH Carburettor heat	ON, verify propeller RPM decreasing about 100 RPM
17	LH Carburettor heat	OFF
18	LH engine instruments	CHECK parameters if within green arcs
19	LH and RH Fuel quantity indicator	CHECK consistent with fuel plan
20	Flaps	T/O or as required (see Take OFF performances)
21	Pitch trim and rudder trim	SET neutral position
22	Flight controls	Check free

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Line-Up

1	Parking Brake	RELEASE, check full in
2	Annunciator window	CHECK cautious and warnings OFF
3	RH Fuel Selector	RIGHT
4	LH Fuel Selector	LEFT
5	Pitot heat	as required
6	XPDR	SET ALT
7	Magnetic compass	CHECK
8	AHRS	CROSS CHECK

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Takeoff and Climb

1	Landing light	ON
2	LH and RH Electrical Fuel pump	BOTH ON
3	Carburetors heat	CHECK OFF
4	LH and RH Propeller Lever	FULL FORWARD
5	LH and RH Throttle Lever	FULL POWER
6	Engines Instruments	Parameters within green arcs
7	Rotation speed	MTOW 1180 kg : Vr = 64 KIAS MTOW 1230 kg : Vr = 65 KIAS
8	Apply brakes to stop wheel spinning
9	Landing gear control knob	UP : check green lights and TRANS light turned OFF within about 20 seconds
10	Landing and taxi lights	OFF above 10,000 ft
11	LH and RH Propeller Lever	Set max cont power at safe altitude
Caution Max take off power must be limited to 5 minutes. Reduce Throttles MAP power before retracting Propeller to 2200 RPM or below.
12	LH and RH Electrical Fuel Pump	BOTH OFF

Note

It is recommended to retract landing gear when a positive climb rate is ensured at the applicable best speed (VY or VX as necessary). It has been demonstrated that best climb rate is always obtained with flaps in UP position Noteworthily best climb gradient speed (VX )flaps UP is lower than best climb speed (VX )flaps T/O up to 6000 ft (density altitude).

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Cruise

1	LH and RH Propeller Lever	SET to 1900-2250 RPM
Caution Throttles MAP decrease should be made before propeller speed reduction below 2200 RPM, as, contrariwise, Propeller Lever increase RPM should be set before engine Throttle Levers are advanced.
2	Engine parameters check (LH and RH)
	Oil temperature:	90o - 110oC (or 50o - 130oC, if MOD2006/002 is applied)
	CHT/CT:	50o - 135o / 50o - 120oC
	Oil pressure:	2 - 5 bar
	Fuel pressure:	2.2 - 5.8 psi
3	Carburetor heat as needed.
Warning Deselect and do not use Auto Pilot if possible icing condition area is inadvertently entered.
4	Fuel balance and crossfeed	check as necessary

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Descent and Approach

1	Propeller	As required
Note In order to control engine cooling and life, it is preferable to descend with power above idle and RPM lower than full continuous.
2	Carburetors heat	As required
3	Altimeter setting	QNH set and crosscheck

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Before Landing

1	LH and RH Electrical Fuel pump	BOTH ON
2	On downwind leg: MTOW 1180 kg : VFE = 119 KIAS MTOW 1230 kg : VFE = 122 KIAS	Flaps T/O
3	Speed below applicable VLO/VLE	Landing gear control knob - DOWN Check green lights ON
4	Carburetors heat	CHECK OFF
5	LH and RH Propeller Lever	FULL FORWARD
6	On final leg : speed below 93 KIAS	Flaps FULL
7	Final Approach Speed	MTOW 1180 kg : VAPP = 70 KIAS MTOW 1230 kg : VAPP = 71 KIAS
8	Landing and taxi light	ON
9	Touchdown speed	65 KIAS

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Balked Landing/Missed Approach

1	LH and RH Propeller Lever	FULL FORWARD
2	LH and RH Throttle Lever	FULL POWER
Caution Propeller Lever increase to max RPM should be attained before engine Throttle Levers are advanced to max take off power. Max take off power must be limited to 5 minutes
3	Flaps	T/O
4	Speed	Keep over 62 KIAS, climb to Vy or Vx as applicable
5	Landing gear	UP as positive climb is achieved
6	Flaps	UP
Note It is recommended to retract landing gear when a positive climb rate is ensured at the applicable best speed (VY or VX as necessary). It has been demonstrated that best climb rate is always obtained with flaps in UP position. Noteworthily best climb gradient speed (VX) flaps UP is lower than best climb speed (VX) flaps T/O up to 6000 ft (density altitude).

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After Landing

1	LH and RH Electrical Fuel pump	BOTH OFF
2	Flaps	0o
3	Pitot Heat	OFF
4	Landing light	OFF when required

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Parking/Shut Down

Note

It is always suggested to park the aircraft with the nose pointing into wind to improve cooling after shut down.

1	Parking brake	Engage
2	Taxi light	OFF
3	Engines	Allow for cooling down 1 minute at idle power
4	Flaps	Check UP
5	Trims	Check neutral
Note Ensure the engine is at its lowest possible idle speed before selecting ignitions off.
6	Ignition switches	Turn OFF one at a time
7	LH and RH AVIONICS BUS	OFF
8	LH and RH CROSS BUS	OFF
9	LH/RH Field	OFF
10	All external lights switches	OFF
11	Master switch	OFF
12	Emergency Battery / Emergency cockpit light	Check OFF

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Postflight Checks

1	Protective cover for Pitot tubes,stall warning and static port plugs.	Install
2	Wheel chocks	Place under MLG